SKRITI ZAKLAD: KLJUČAVNICA
Predstavitev zaklada: Ključavnica, ročno kovana po najdbi iz 16. stoletja, Evropa.
(Fotografija: srednjeveška ključavnica, Evropa)
STAVBA, V KATERI SE ZAKLAD NAHAJA: OBRAMBNI STOLP
Gospodje Rihemberški so si po prihodu leta 1230 na strateško ugodni legi zgradili dom, srednjeveški palacij z dvoriščem znotraj peterokrakega obzidja. Stoječ na prehodu med Vipavsko dolino in Komenskim Krasom je grad Rihemberk nadzoroval dolino in prehode po njej. Da bi grad do popolnosti izpolnjeval vojaško in ekonomsko funkcijo, so gospodje Rihemberški ŽA KMALU PO LETU 1230, PO IZGRADNJI SEVERNEGA PALACIJA, pričeli z gradnjo dominantnega stolpa. Ni dvoma, da je po francoskih vzorih zgrajen okrogli obrambni stolp pomenil tudi pomemben statusni simbol Rihemberških. V 13. stoletju je bila izgradnja takšnega stolpa na našem območju izjemen arhitekturni podvig.
V srednjem veku je bil stolp krit s stožčasto streho. V 19. stoletju so ga gospodje Lanthieriji ozaljšali s cinami in konzolami in na ploščad dogradili prepoznavni romantični stolpič. Iz tega časa naj bi bile tudi kletke smrti, ki so nameščene v zidovih v notranjosti stolpa. Te naj nikoli ne bi služile za zaklepanje ujetnikov, čeprav legende govorijo prav o tem.
Tri metre debeli zidovi, znotraj katerih je do vrha speljano polžasto stopnišče, so uspešno varovali grad in dolino 700 let, zdržali celo miniranje gradu leta 1944 in dočakali obnovitvena dela leta 1965.
Z razgledne ploščadi obrambnega stolpa se odpira pogled na slikovite vipavske vasi, cerkvice in vinograde, do Matajurja v daljavi.
Obrambni stolp gradu Rihemberk še danes predstavlja oblikovno dominanto gradu in ponos krajanov ter je s skoraj 30 metri višine najvišji grajski stolp v Sloveniji.
Povezava z življenjem na gradu Rihemberk (za bolj radovedne):
Vsakdanji predmet, kot je okrogla ključavnica, se je uporabljal po vsej Evropi, najverjetneje tudi na gradu Rihemberk. Predvsem so z njimi zaklepali različne skrinje. Z njimi bi bila lahko zaklenjena tudi vrata domnevnih jetniških celic v kleti severnega obrambnega stolpiča.
Uporabnost predmeta v zgodovini (za najbolj radovedne): Od zgodnjega srednjega veka do renesanse se je na evropskih tleh razvilo več tipov ključavnic. V zgodnjem srednjem veku so bile najpogostejše podolgovate sodaste ključavnice, ki so se odklepale od strani. Sferična ali okrogla ploščata ključavnica, z luknjo za odklepanje s ključem od spredaj, kot je tale, se pojavi v poznem srednjem veku. Ima ločeno ročico za zaklepanje na vrhu. Ploščate ključavnice so bile različnih oblik kot so ščitasta, kvadratna, srčasta ali trikotna oblika. Tako kot druge ključavnice se je okrogla ključavnica uporabljala za zaklepanje pohištva ali vrat.
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ENGLISH:
HIDDEN TREASURE: PADLOCK
Treasure Presentation: Hand-forged replica of a finding from the 16th century, Europe.
(Photo: Medieval Padlock, Europe)
BUILDING WHERE THE TREASURE IS LOCATED: THE DEFENSE TOWER
After their arrival in 1230, the Rihenbergians built the castle Rihemberk in a strategically favorable location, a medieval forth with a courtyard inside the defensive walls. Standing at the transition between the Vipava Valley and the Komenski Karst, Rihemberk Castle controlled the valley and the passages through it. In order to fulfill its military and economic functions to perfection, the lords of Rihemberg began the construction of the dominant tower SOON AFTER THE YEAR 1230, AFTER THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE NORTH PALACE. There is no doubt that the round defense tower, built according to the French models, was also an important status symbol of the Rihemberg family. In the 13th century, the construction of such a tower in our area was an extraordinary architectural feat.
In the Middle Ages, the tower was covered with a conical roof. In the 19th century, the Lanthieris beautified it with in a recognizable romantic manner and built a smaller tower on the top. The death cages, which were installed in the walls inside the tower, are also said to be from that time. These were probably never used to lock prisoners, although the legends speak of exactly that.
The three-meter-thick walls, inside which a spiral staircase leads to the top, successfully protected the tower for 700 years, survived the destruction of the castle in 1944 and lived to see the restoration works from 1965.
From the top platform of the defense tower you can see the picturesque Vipava villages, churches and vineyards, as far as Matajur in the distance.
The defense tower of Rihemberk Castle represents the dominant of the valley and is the pride of the locals. With the height of almost 30 meters it is the highest castle tower in Slovenia.
An everyday object such as a round Padlock was used throughout Europe, most likely also at the Rihemberk Castle. They mainly used them to lock various chests that had hand forged shackles as our first Treasure from the Entrance tower.
From the early Middle Ages to the Renaissance, several types of locks were developed in Europe. Flat locks came in various shapes such as a shield, a square, a heart or they were triangular.